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  Open access

January, 2021; 10 (1)

REVIEW

  • Open Access
    Molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in the entorhinal cortex that underlie its selective vulnerability during the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease
    Olayemi Joseph Olajide, Marcus E. Suvanto, Clifton Andrew Chapman
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio056796 doi: 10.1242/bio.056796 Published 25 January 2021

    Summary: This review evaluated the molecular mechanisms that may explain the vulnerability and susceptibility of the entorhinal cortex to early neurodegeneration during the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.

RESEARCH ARTICLES

  • Open Access
    Drosophila model of anti-retroviral therapy induced peripheral neuropathy and nociceptive hypersensitivity
    Keegan M. Bush, Kara R. Barber, Jade A. Martinez, Shao-Jun Tang, Yogesh P. Wairkar
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio054635 doi: 10.1242/bio.054635 Published 27 January 2021

    Summary: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) that are important components of anti-retroviral therapies also cause peripheral sensory neuropathies (PSN). This article investigates ways in which NRTIs may cause PSN and outlines ways to better understand the mechanisms underlying it.

  • Open Access
    Interaction of INPP5E with ARL13B is essential for its ciliary membrane retention but dispensable for its ciliary entry
    Hantian Qiu, Sayaka Fujisawa, Shohei Nozaki, Yohei Katoh, Kazuhisa Nakayama
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio057653 doi: 10.1242/bio.057653 Published 25 January 2021

    Summary: We here demonstrate that the interaction of INPP5E with ARL13B is crucial for its retention on the ciliary membrane but dispensable for its entry into cilia.

  • Open Access
    Wound-induced polyploidization is dependent on Integrin-Yki signaling
    Rose Besen-McNally, Kayla J. Gjelsvik, Vicki P. Losick
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio055996 doi: 10.1242/bio.055996 Published 25 January 2021

    Summary: Conserved focal adhesion genes, mys and Fak, enable efficient wound repair by inducing polyploid cell growth via cell fusion and Yki-dependent endoreplication.

  • Open Access
    Adenosine triphosphate binding cassette subfamily C member 1 (ABCC1) overexpression reduces APP processing and increases alpha- versus beta-secretase activity, in vitro
    Wayne M. Jepsen, Matthew De Both, Ashley L. Siniard, Keri Ramsey, Ignazio S. Piras, Marcus Naymik, Adrienne Henderson, Matthew J. Huentelman
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio054627 doi: 10.1242/bio.054627 Published 25 January 2021

    Summary: Adenosine triphosphate binding cassette subfamily C member 1 (ABCC1) overexpression skews APP processing towards the non-amyloidogenic pathway. Increasing ABCC1 expression or activity may prevent or attenuate Alzheimer's disease symptoms.

  • Open Access
    A stem cell based in vitro model of NAFLD enables the analysis of patient specific individual metabolic adaptations in response to a high fat diet and AdipoRon interference
    Nina Graffmann, Audrey Ncube, Soraia Martins, Aurelian Robert Fiszl, Philipp Reuther, Martina Bohndorf, Wasco Wruck, Mathias Beller, Constantin Czekelius, James Adjaye
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio054189 doi: 10.1242/bio.054189 Published 25 January 2021

    Summary: A stem cell based in vitro model of NAFLD recapitulates regulatory networks and suggests a steatosis associated phenotype. AdipoRon treatment influences metabolism, immune system, cell stress and signalling.

  • Open Access
    Mutations in the splicing regulator Prp31 lead to retinal degeneration in Drosophila
    Sarita Hebbar, Malte Lehmann, Sarah Behrens, Catrin Hälsig, Weihua Leng, Michaela Yuan, Sylke Winkler, Elisabeth Knust
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio052332 doi: 10.1242/bio.052332 Published 25 January 2021

    Summary: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a human disease resulting in blindness, which affects 1 in 4.000 people worldwide. So far >90 genes have been identified that are causally related to RP. Mutations in the splicing factor PRPF31 are linked to RP11. We induced mutations in the Drosophila orthologue Prp31 and show that flies heterozygous for Prp31 undergo light-dependent retinal degeneration. Degeneration is associated with increased accumulation of the light-sensitive molecule, rhodopsin 1. In fact, reducing rhodopsin levels by dietary intervention modifies the extent of retinal degeneration. This model will further contribute to better understand the aetiology of the human disease.

  • Open Access
    Giraffes and hominins: reductionist model predictions of compressive loads at the spine base for erect exponents of the animal kingdom
    Michael Günther, Falk Mörl
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio057224 doi: 10.1242/bio.057224 Published 22 January 2021

    Summary: Using a simple biomechanical model, we predict the compressive stress on vertebrates’ intervertebral discs loaded by all cranial masses being held anywhere between fully upright and horizontal bow.

  • Open Access
    The basal release of endothelium-derived catecholamines regulates the contractions of Chelonoidis carbonaria aorta caused by electrical-field stimulation
    José Britto-Júnior, Felipe Fernandes Jacintho, Rafael Campos, David Halen Araújo Pinheiro, Guilherme M. Figueiredo Murari, Valéria B. de Souza, André A. Schenka, Fabíola Z. Mónica, Ronilson Agnaldo Moreno, Edson Antunes, Gilberto De Nucci
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio057042 doi: 10.1242/bio.057042 Published 20 January 2021

    Summary: Chelonoidis carbonaria aortic rings release endothelium-derived catecholamines that modulate vascular smooth muscle reactivity.

  • Open Access
    Bisphenol A promotes stress granule assembly and modulates the integrated stress response
    Marta M. Fay, Daniella Columbo, Cecelia Cotter, Chandler Friend, Shawna Henry, Megan Hoppe, Paulina Karabelas, Corbyn Lamy, Miranda Lawell, Sarah Monteith, Christina Noyes, Paige Salerno, Jingyi Wu, Hedan Mindy Zhang, Paul J. Anderson, Nancy Kedersha, Pavel Ivanov, Natalie G. Farny
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio057539 doi: 10.1242/bio.057539 Published 10 January 2021

    Summary: Physiologically-relevant doses of the plasticizing agent BPA inhibit stress granule formation in response to a secondary acute stress, indicating BPA may affect the way human cells cope with cellular stress.

  • Open Access
    Variation in alarm calls during different breeding stages of the common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)
    Xiaona Huo, Lei Zhou, Jiang Feng, Hui Wu
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio056648 doi: 10.1242/bio.056648 Published 8 January 2021

    Summary: Our results clearly showed parental alarm calls varied as the breeding cycle progressed in the common kestrel, and further suggested offspring numbers influenced parental nest defense.

  • Open Access
    Establishment of Etv5 gene knockout mice as a recipient model for spermatogonial stem cell transplantation
    Xianyu Zhang, Xin Zhao, Guoling Li, Mao Zhang, Pingping Xing, Zicong Li, Bin Chen, Huaqiang Yang, Zhenfang Wu
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio056804 doi: 10.1242/bio.056804 Published 6 January 2021

    Summary: Spermatogonial stem cell transplantation in mice with germline ablation by genetic modification of a specific gene.

  • Open Access
    Ctdp1 deficiency leads to early embryonic lethality in mice and defects in cell cycle progression in MEFs
    Fangfang Qiao, Henry C.-H. Law, Kimiko L. Krieger, Emalie J. Clement, Yi Xiao, Shannon M. Buckley, Nicholas T. Woods
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio057232 doi: 10.1242/bio.057232 Published 6 January 2021

    Summary: Knockout of Ctdp1 reveals its essential role in mammalian embryogenesis and regulation of the cell cycle.

FIRST PERSON

  • Open Access
    First person – Keegan Bush
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio058536 doi: 10.1242/bio.058536 Published 28 January 2021
  • Open Access
    First person – Sarita Hebbar and Malte Lehmann
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio058519 doi: 10.1242/bio.058519 Published 27 January 2021
  • Open Access
    Future Leader to Watch – Olayemi Joseph Olajide
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio058548 doi: 10.1242/bio.058548 Published 25 January 2021
  • Open Access
    First person – José Britto-Júnior
    Biology Open 2021 10: bio058305 doi: 10.1242/bio.058305 Published 20 January 2021
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    Oviductal fluid counterbalances the negative effect of high temperature on sperm in an ectotherm model

    N. Rossi, G. Lopez Juri, M. Chiaraviglio, G. Cardozo
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    Overexpression of long non-coding RNA SBF2-AS1 promotes cell progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by repressing miR-494 to up-regulate PFN2 expression

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