Editorial
RESEARCH ARTICLES
- Intra-generational protein malnutrition impairs temporal astrogenesis in rat brain
Summary: Maternal protein deprivation results in low progenitor pooling, and delayed and compromised astrogenesis, suggesting astrocyte impairment as a driver of neurological diseases owing to their imperative roles in normal and pathological situations.
- Proteomic responses to elevated ocean temperature in ovaries of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis
Summary: Shotgun proteomics study of the effect of chronic elevated water temperature identifying 62 differentially expressed ovarian proteins and a model for the proteomic response mediated by PTPN11 and CrkL.
- WNK1 and p38-MAPK distribution in ionocytes and accessory cells of euryhaline teleost fish implies ionoregulatory function
Summary: Fish opercular epithelium ionocytes and accessory cells have WNK family kinases that may regulate paracellular and transcellular ion transport.
- The Drosophila LIN54 homolog Mip120 controls two aspects of oogenesis
Summary: Drosophila Mip120/LIN54, regulates ovarian nurse cell chromosome disassembly and germline-specific gene expression. These functions of Mip120 require its less conserved N-terminus in addition to its CXC DNA-binding and HCH protein-interaction domains.
- BMP-induced reprogramming of the neural retina into retinal pigment epithelium requires Wnt signalling
Summary: The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are key regulators in cell reprogramming during regeneration of the neural retina and retinal pigment epithelium in the embryonic chick.
- Intrinsic frequency response patterns in mechano-sensory neurons of the leech
Summary: Mechano-sensitive neurons of leech are intrinsically tuned to generate somatic input-output functions with distinct filter properties.
- Effects of altered sagittal trunk orientation on kinetic pattern in able-bodied walking on uneven ground
Summary: In able-bodied trunk-flexed gaits, adjustment of trunk kinematic may facilitate negotiation of changes in ground level (10-cm drop and pre/post steps), as reflected in more consistent ground reaction force parameters.
- Postmating sexual selection and the enigmatic jawed genitalia of Callosobruchus subinnotatus
Summary: A toothed jaw-like structure on the male genitalia of the seed beetle Callosobruchus subinnotatus increases female egg production after mating.
- Human TTBK1, TTBK2 and MARK1 kinase toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster is exacerbated by co-expression of human Tau
Summary: Tau hyper-phosphorylation has been linked to toxicity, but the Tau isoforms, kinases and residues remain unclear. Using the Drosophila model, we find evidence for involvement of TTBK and MARK kinases.
- Characterisation of phospholipid: diacylglycerol acyltransferases (PDATs) from Camelina sativa and their roles in stress responses
Summary: Five CsPDAT family members were identified from Camelina sativa and they contribute to TAG synthesis in different tissues and various stress responses, offering new targets for lipid metabolic engineering.
- The effects of moderate intensity training in a hypoxic environment on transcriptional responses in Thoroughbred horses
Summary: This was one of the first studies that examined transcriptional and physiological responses of Thoroughbred racehorses to six weeks moderate intensity treadmill training in a hypoxia chamber with 15% oxygen.
- Developmental downregulation of LIS1 expression limits axonal extension and allows axon pruning
Summary: Developmental downregulation of LIS1 coordinates the balance between axonal elongation and pruning, which is essential for proper neuronal circuit formation but limits nerve regeneration.
- Establishment of a retinal hypoxia organ culture model
Summary: An easy-to-use ex vivo retinal hypoxia model is introduced that reliably induced retinal damage on a morphological (retinal thickness), and molecular (protein expression and apoptotic markers) level.
- Cell lineage of timed cohorts of Tbx6-expressing cells in wild-type and Tbx6 mutant embryos
Summary: Embryonic cells that transiently express the transcription factor, Tbx6, during the process of gastrulation have been tracked in later development in wild-type and Tbx6 homozygous mutant embryos, where they give rise to the ectopic neural tubes characteristic of the mutant phenotype.
- Dietary saccharides and sweet tastants have differential effects on colonization of Drosophila oocytes by Wolbachia endosymbionts
Summary: The density of Wolbachia infection in Drosophila oocytes is significantly increased by dietary sugars, but not sugar alcohols or artificial sweeteners.
- GATA6 is essential for endoderm formation from human pluripotent stem cells
Summary: Using the differentiation of huESCs as a model for endoderm formation, we reveal that the transcription factor GATA6 regulates the onset of endoderm gene expression and is required for its viability.
- Effects of starvation on the carbohydrate metabolism in Harmonia axyridis (Pallas)
Summary: Effects of starvation on the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of carbohydrate metabolism were regulated by trehalose and glycogen metabolism genes' expression changed in Harmonia axyridis (Pallas).
- Symmetrical retrograde actin flow in the actin fusion structure is involved in osteoclast fusion
Summary: Multinucleated osteoclasts form a podosome-derived fusion structure during cell fusion. Juxtaposition of fusion partner cells is probably maintained via force generated by symmetrical retrograde actin flow in the fusion structure.
- Hagfish slime exudate stabilization and its effect on slime formation and functionality
Summary: Loss of functionality of hagfish slime exudate during storage is driven by mucin vesicle rupture when stabilized in oil and by gradually inhibited skein unraveling when stabilized in buffer.
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Biology Open and COVID-19
We are aware that the COVID-19 pandemic is having an unprecedented impact on researchers worldwide. The Editors of all The Company of Biologists’ journals have been considering ways in which we can alleviate concerns that members of our community may have around publishing activities during this time. Read about the actions we are taking at this time.
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It’s a time of turmoil for young scientists
“My students are my priority – they are on the brink of their careers.”
Dr Jodie Rummer (ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies at James Cook University) talks about the importance of her role as a supervisor in supporting graduate students and post docs financially, intellectually and emotionally during this period of uncertainty.
Gap junctions: historical discoveries and new findings in the C. elegans nervous system
Following the announcement of Biology Open’s new Future Leader Review articles, we are thrilled to publish our first one! Jin, Park, Lyu et al. highlight the diverse roles of gap junctions and innexins in the C. elegans nervous system, contributing to fundamental understanding of gap junctions in all animals.
Interview - Jessica Kabutomori
First author Jessica Kabutomori talks about her latest paper in BiO, which investigates murine urea transporters, sharing the biggest surprise of her work and what she has planned for the future.