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  You have access

  Open access

February, 2019; 8 (2)

EDITORIAL

  • Open Access
    From polar bears to cell polarity and everything in between: 2018 in review
    Rachel Hackett
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio042119 doi: 10.1242/bio.042119 Published 26 February 2019

RESEARCH ARTICLES

  • Open Access
    Antimicrobial potential of actinomycetes isolated from the unexplored hot Merzouga desert and their taxonomic diversity
    Lahcen Ouchari, Amal Boukeskasse, Brahim Bouizgarne, Yedir Ouhdouch
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio035410 doi: 10.1242/bio.035410 Published 4 March 2019

    Summary: Merzouga sand dunes are among Morocco’s extreme environments. This unexplored ecosystem represents a habitat for the isolation of a high diversity of actinomycetes with antimicrobial potential and biotechnological applications.

  • Open Access
    Terminalia fagifolia Mart. & Zucc. elicits vasorelaxation of rat thoracic aorta through nitric oxide and K+ channels dependent mechanism
    Emanuella F. de Carvalho, André F. Nunes, Náiguel C. B. Silva, João Paulo da Silva Gomes, Renato P. de Sousa, Valdelânia G. Silva, Paulo H. M. Nunes, Rosimeire F. Santos, Mariana H. Chaves, Aldeidia P. Oliveira, Rita C. M. Oliveira
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio035238 doi: 10.1242/bio.035238 Published 27 February 2019

    Summary: The investigation of the relaxing effect of extract and fractions of the stem bark partition of Terminalia fagifolia on aortic rings is a pioneering study involving the participation of K+ channels, which demonstrates a potential alternative therapeutic method for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

  • Open Access
    Zebrafish duox mutations provide a model for human congenital hypothyroidism
    Kunal Chopra, Shoko Ishibashi, Enrique Amaya
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio037655 doi: 10.1242/bio.037655 Published 22 February 2019

    Summary: Zebrafish harbouring two loss-of-function alleles of the single duox gene exhibit various adult phenotypes reminiscent of human congenital hypothyroidism.

  • Open Access
    Joint moments during sprinting in unilateral transfemoral amputees wearing running-specific prostheses
    Yuta Namiki, Satoru Hashizume, Akihiko Murai, Yoshiyuki Kobayashi, Hiroshi Takemura, Hiroaki Hobara
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio039206 doi: 10.1242/bio.039206 Published 18 February 2019

    Summary: Asymmetric joint moment adaptations occur for unilateral transfemoral amputees to compensate for replacement of the biological leg with a passive prosthetic knee joint and running-specific prosthesis.

  • Open Access
    Gcn5 histone acetyltransferase is present in the mitoplasts
    Arianna Montanari, Manuela Leo, Veronica De Luca, Patrizia Filetici, Silvia Francisci
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio041244 doi: 10.1242/bio.041244 Published 18 February 2019

    Summary: In yeast mitochondria the Gcn5 protein is present in the mitoplasts and is localized in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Its deletion affects the mitochondrial phenotype and is related to a marked decrease of mitochondrial DNA content.

  • Open Access
    Ultraviolet B-induced Otx2 expression in lens epithelial cells promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition
    Yasuo Yoshitomi, Hiromi Osada, Haruka Satake, Masami Kojima, Hidehito Saito-Takatsuji, Takayuki Ikeda, Yoshino Yoshitake, Yasuhito Ishigaki, Eri Kubo, Hiroshi Sasaki, Hideto Yonekura
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio035691 doi: 10.1242/bio.035691 Published 18 February 2019

    Summary: UVB irradiation upregulates Otx2 in mouse lens epithelial cells. Otx2 overexpression induces the epithelial–mesenchymal transition and alters gene expression and characteristics of lens cells, likely contributing to cataract formation.

  • Open Access
    Molecular characterization and overexpression of mnp6 and vp3 from Pleurotus ostreatus revealed their involvement in biodegradation of cotton stalk lignin
    Yan Wang, Guoqing Li, Xiaoyu Jiao, Xi Cheng, Muhammad Abdullah, Dahui Li, Yi Lin, Yongping Cai, Fan Nie
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio036483 doi: 10.1242/bio.036483 Published 15 February 2019

    Summary: Pleurotus ostreatus mnp6 and vp3 could degrade cotton stalk lignin and may preferentially degrade S-lignin.

  • Open Access
    n-3 PUFA biosynthesis by the copepod Apocyclops royi documented using fatty acid profile analysis and gene expression analysis
    Bolette Lykke Holm Nielsen, Louise Gøtterup, Tue Sparholt Jørgensen, Benni Winding Hansen, Lars Hestbjerg Hansen, John Mortensen, Per Meyer Jepsen
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio038331 doi: 10.1242/bio.038331 Published 11 February 2019

    Summary: Here, we demonstrate n-3 PUFA biosynthesis in the copepod Apocyclops royi from Taiwanese aquaculture pond systems using fatty acid profiling and gene expression analysis.

  • Open Access
    Microtubule stabilizer reveals requirement of Ca2+-dependent conformational changes of microtubules for rapid coiling of haptonema in haptophyte algae
    Mami Nomura, Kohei Atsuji, Keiko Hirose, Kogiku Shiba, Ryuji Yanase, Takeshi Nakayama, Ken-ichiro Ishida, Kazuo Inaba
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio036590 doi: 10.1242/bio.036590 Published 11 February 2019

    Summary: Microscopy observations and pharmacological experiments revealed that the rapid coiling of a non-motor microtubule-based motile organelle, the haptonema, is explained by conformational changes of microtubules, including twisting and writhing.

  • Open Access
    The Forkhead box F1 transcription factor inhibits collagen deposition and accumulation of myofibroblasts during liver fibrosis
    Hannah M. Flood, Craig Bolte, Nupur Dasgupta, Akanksha Sharma, Yufang Zhang, Chandrashekhar R. Gandhi, Tanya V. Kalin, Vladimir V. Kalinichenko
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio039800 doi: 10.1242/bio.039800 Published 11 February 2019

    Summary: The transcription factor FOXF1 is expressed in liver fibroblasts and regulates fibrosis by repressing pro-fibrotic genes. FOXF1 prevents aberrant extracellular matrix depositions during hepatic fibrosis.

  • Open Access
    Low-dose ionizing radiation alleviates Aβ42-induced cell death via regulating AKT and p38 pathways in Drosophila Alzheimer's disease models
    Soojin Hwang, Haemin Jeong, Eun-Hee Hong, Hae Mi Joo, Kyoung Sang Cho, Seon Young Nam
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio036657 doi: 10.1242/bio.036657 Published 11 February 2019

    Summary: Low-dose ionizing radiation can reduce cell death by regulating AKT/p38 signaling pathway and improve Aβ42-induced symptoms in Drosophila Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that low-dose ionizing radiation may be applicable for treatment.

  • Open Access
    Atypical septate junctions maintain the somatic enclosure around maturing spermatids and prevent premature sperm release in Drosophila testis
    Pankaj Dubey, Tushna Kapoor, Samir Gupta, Seema Shirolikar, Krishanu Ray
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio036939 doi: 10.1242/bio.036939 Published 4 February 2019

    Summary: Septate junctions seal the somatic enclosure around maturing spermatids in Drosophila testis. The junction integrity, maintained by Dlg1 and NrxIV, is essential for keeping the somatic enclosure intact until the mature spermatids are released.

  • Open Access
    The role of NF-κB and Elk-1 in the regulation of mouse ADAM17 expression
    Karolina Wawro, Mateusz Wawro, Magdalena Strzelecka, Maria Czarnek, Joanna Bereta
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio039420 doi: 10.1242/bio.039420 Published 1 February 2019

    Summary: We show the involvement of ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathways in the stimulation of mouse Adam17 expression and determine functional Elk-1- and NF-κB binding sites in its promoter.

  • Open Access
    Cux2 refines the forelimb field by controlling expression of Raldh2 and Hox genes
    Shogo Ueda, Ingrid Rosenburg Cordeiro, Yuuta Moriyama, Chika Nishimori, Kei-ichi Kai, Reiko Yu, Ryoichiro Nakato, Katsuhiko Shirahige, Mikiko Tanaka
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio040584 doi: 10.1242/bio.040584 Published 1 February 2019

    Summary: Cux2 in the lateral plate mesoderm refines the forelimb field via regulation of Raldh2 and Hoxb genes in chicken embryos.

METHODS & TECHNIQUES

  • Open Access
    Tracking diphyodont development in miniature pigs in vitro and in vivo
    Fu Wang, Guoqing Li, Zhifang Wu, Zhipeng Fan, Min Yang, Tingting Wu, Jinsong Wang, Chunmei Zhang, Songlin Wang
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio037036 doi: 10.1242/bio.037036 Published 1 February 2019

    Summary: Little is known about diphyodont development in large animals. Our pilot trial characterized this gene expression and developed an alternative method to track diphyodont development in pigs.

FIRST PERSON

  • Open Access
    First person – Kunal Chopra
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio042325 doi: 10.1242/bio.042325 Published 22 February 2019
  • Open Access
    First person – Tushna Kapoor and Pankaj Dubey
    Biology Open 2019 8: bio041756 doi: 10.1242/bio.041756 Published 4 February 2019
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  • Open Access

    Avoiding being stung or bitten – prey capture behaviors of the ant-eating Texas horned lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum)

    Ismene Fertschai, Wade C. Sherbrooke, Matthias Ott, Boris P. Chagnaud
    PDF
  • Open Access

    A Zebrafish Forward Genetic Screen Identifies an Indispensible Threonine Residue in the Kinase Domain of PRKD2

    Panagiota Giardoglou, Despina Bournele, Misun Park, Stavroula Kanoni, George V. Dedoussis, Susan F. Steinberg, Panos Deloukas, Dimitris Beis
    PDF
  • Open Access

    Interdomain interactions regulate the localization of a lipid transfer protein at ER-PM contact sites

    Bishal Basak, Harini Krishnan, Raghu Padinjat
    PDF
  • Open Access

    Conditional targeting of phosphatidylserine decarboxylase to lipid droplets

    Santosh Kumar, Chandramohan Chitraju, Robert Farese, Tobias Walther, Christopher G. Burd
    PDF
  • Open Access

    The thermal dependence and molecular basis of physiological color change in Takydromus septentrionalis (Lacertidae)

    Kun Guo, Jun Zhong, Lin Zhu, Fan Xie, Yu Du, Xiang Ji
    PDF
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