RESEARCH ARTICLES
- Antimicrobial potential of actinomycetes isolated from the unexplored hot Merzouga desert and their taxonomic diversity
Summary: Merzouga sand dunes are among Morocco’s extreme environments. This unexplored ecosystem represents a habitat for the isolation of a high diversity of actinomycetes with antimicrobial potential and biotechnological applications.
- Terminalia fagifolia Mart. & Zucc. elicits vasorelaxation of rat thoracic aorta through nitric oxide and K+ channels dependent mechanism
Summary: The investigation of the relaxing effect of extract and fractions of the stem bark partition of Terminalia fagifolia on aortic rings is a pioneering study involving the participation of K+ channels, which demonstrates a potential alternative therapeutic method for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
- Zebrafish duox mutations provide a model for human congenital hypothyroidism
Summary: Zebrafish harbouring two loss-of-function alleles of the single duox gene exhibit various adult phenotypes reminiscent of human congenital hypothyroidism.
- Joint moments during sprinting in unilateral transfemoral amputees wearing running-specific prostheses
Summary: Asymmetric joint moment adaptations occur for unilateral transfemoral amputees to compensate for replacement of the biological leg with a passive prosthetic knee joint and running-specific prosthesis.
- Gcn5 histone acetyltransferase is present in the mitoplasts
Summary: In yeast mitochondria the Gcn5 protein is present in the mitoplasts and is localized in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Its deletion affects the mitochondrial phenotype and is related to a marked decrease of mitochondrial DNA content.
- Ultraviolet B-induced Otx2 expression in lens epithelial cells promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition
Summary: UVB irradiation upregulates Otx2 in mouse lens epithelial cells. Otx2 overexpression induces the epithelial–mesenchymal transition and alters gene expression and characteristics of lens cells, likely contributing to cataract formation.
- Molecular characterization and overexpression of mnp6 and vp3 from Pleurotus ostreatus revealed their involvement in biodegradation of cotton stalk lignin
Summary: Pleurotus ostreatus mnp6 and vp3 could degrade cotton stalk lignin and may preferentially degrade S-lignin.
- n-3 PUFA biosynthesis by the copepod Apocyclops royi documented using fatty acid profile analysis and gene expression analysis
Summary: Here, we demonstrate n-3 PUFA biosynthesis in the copepod Apocyclops royi from Taiwanese aquaculture pond systems using fatty acid profiling and gene expression analysis.
- Microtubule stabilizer reveals requirement of Ca2+-dependent conformational changes of microtubules for rapid coiling of haptonema in haptophyte algae
Summary: Microscopy observations and pharmacological experiments revealed that the rapid coiling of a non-motor microtubule-based motile organelle, the haptonema, is explained by conformational changes of microtubules, including twisting and writhing.
- The Forkhead box F1 transcription factor inhibits collagen deposition and accumulation of myofibroblasts during liver fibrosis
Summary: The transcription factor FOXF1 is expressed in liver fibroblasts and regulates fibrosis by repressing pro-fibrotic genes. FOXF1 prevents aberrant extracellular matrix depositions during hepatic fibrosis.
- Low-dose ionizing radiation alleviates Aβ42-induced cell death via regulating AKT and p38 pathways in Drosophila Alzheimer's disease models
Summary: Low-dose ionizing radiation can reduce cell death by regulating AKT/p38 signaling pathway and improve Aβ42-induced symptoms in Drosophila Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that low-dose ionizing radiation may be applicable for treatment.
- Atypical septate junctions maintain the somatic enclosure around maturing spermatids and prevent premature sperm release in Drosophila testis
Summary: Septate junctions seal the somatic enclosure around maturing spermatids in Drosophila testis. The junction integrity, maintained by Dlg1 and NrxIV, is essential for keeping the somatic enclosure intact until the mature spermatids are released.
- The role of NF-κB and Elk-1 in the regulation of mouse ADAM17 expression
Summary: We show the involvement of ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathways in the stimulation of mouse Adam17 expression and determine functional Elk-1- and NF-κB binding sites in its promoter.
- Cux2 refines the forelimb field by controlling expression of Raldh2 and Hox genes
Summary: Cux2 in the lateral plate mesoderm refines the forelimb field via regulation of Raldh2 and Hoxb genes in chicken embryos.
METHODS & TECHNIQUES
- Tracking diphyodont development in miniature pigs in vitro and in vivo
Summary: Little is known about diphyodont development in large animals. Our pilot trial characterized this gene expression and developed an alternative method to track diphyodont development in pigs.
This issue
Other journals from The Company of Biologists
Biology Open and COVID-19
We are aware that the COVID-19 pandemic is having an unprecedented impact on researchers worldwide. The Editors of all The Company of Biologists’ journals have been considering ways in which we can alleviate concerns that members of our community may have around publishing activities during this time. Read about the actions we are taking at this time.
Please don’t hesitate to contact the Editorial Office if you have any questions or concerns.
It’s a time of turmoil for young scientists
“My students are my priority – they are on the brink of their careers.”
Dr Jodie Rummer (ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies at James Cook University) talks about the importance of her role as a supervisor in supporting graduate students and post docs financially, intellectually and emotionally during this period of uncertainty.
Gap junctions: historical discoveries and new findings in the C. elegans nervous system
Following the announcement of Biology Open’s new Future Leader Review articles, we are thrilled to publish our first one! Jin, Park, Lyu et al. highlight the diverse roles of gap junctions and innexins in the C. elegans nervous system, contributing to fundamental understanding of gap junctions in all animals.
Interview - Jessica Kabutomori
First author Jessica Kabutomori talks about her latest paper in BiO, which investigates murine urea transporters, sharing the biggest surprise of her work and what she has planned for the future.