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Research Article
Assessing the role of historical temperature regime and algal symbionts on the heat tolerance of coral juveniles
K. M. Quigley, C. J. Randall, M. J. H. van Oppen, L. K. Bay
Biology Open 2020 9: bio047316 doi: 10.1242/bio.047316 Published 23 January 2020
K. M. Quigley
1Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville 4810, Australia
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  • ORCID record for K. M. Quigley
  • For correspondence: katemarie.quigley@my.jcu.edu.au
C. J. Randall
1Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville 4810, Australia
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M. J. H. van Oppen
1Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville 4810, Australia
2Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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L. K. Bay
1Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville 4810, Australia
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ABSTRACT

The rate of coral reef degradation from climate change is accelerating and, as a consequence, a number of interventions to increase coral resilience and accelerate recovery are under consideration. Acropora spathulata coral colonies that survived mass bleaching in 2016 and 2017 were sourced from a bleaching-impacted and warmer northern reef on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). These individuals were reproductively crossed with colonies collected from a recently bleached but historically cooler central GBR reef to produce pure and crossbred offspring groups (warm–warm, warm–cool and cool–warm). We tested whether corals from the warmer reef produced more thermally tolerant hybrid and purebred offspring compared with crosses produced with colonies sourced from the cooler reef and whether different symbiont taxa affect heat tolerance. Juveniles were infected with Symbiodinium tridacnidorum, Cladocopium goreaui and Durusdinium trenchii and survival, bleaching and growth were assessed at 27.5°C and 31°C. The contribution of host genetic background and symbiont identity varied across fitness traits. Offspring with either both or one parent from the northern population exhibited a 13- to 26-fold increase in survival odds relative to all other treatments where survival probability was significantly influenced by familial cross identity at 31°C but not 27.5°C (Kaplan–Meier P=0.001 versus 0.2). If in symbiosis with D. trenchii, a warm sire and cool dam provided the best odds of juvenile survival. Bleaching was predominantly driven by Symbiodiniaceae treatment, where juveniles hosting D. trenchii bleached significantly less than the other treatments at 31°C. The greatest overall fold-benefits in growth and survival at 31°C occurred in having at least one warm dam and in symbiosis with D. trenchii. Juveniles associated with D. trenchii grew the most at 31°C, but at 27.5°C, growth was fastest in juveniles associated with C. goreaui. In conclusion, selective breeding with warmer GBR corals in combination with algal symbiont manipulation can assist in increasing thermal tolerance on cooler but warming reefs. Such interventions have the potential to improve coral fitness in warming oceans.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.

Footnotes

  • Competing interests

    The authors declare no competing or financial interests.

  • Author contributions

    Conceptualization: K.M.Q., C.J.R., M.J.H.v.O., L.K.B.; Methodology: K.M.Q., C.J.R.; Software: K.M.Q.; Validation: K.M.Q.; Formal analysis: K.M.Q.; Investigation: K.M.Q., C.J.R.; Resources: K.M.Q., C.J.R., M.J.H.v.O., L.K.B.; Writing - original draft: K.M.Q.; Writing - review & editing: C.J.R., M.J.H.v.O., L.K.B.; Visualization: K.M.Q., C.J.R.; Supervision: M.J.H.v.O., L.K.B.; Project administration: K.M.Q.; Funding acquisition: K.M.Q., C.J.R., M.J.H.v.O., L.K.B.

  • Funding

    We would like to acknowledge support from the Australian Institute of Marine Science and the Australian Research Council Laureate Fellowship FL180100036 to M.J.H.v.O.

  • Data availability

    Data will be made available on Github (https://github.com/LaserKate/AGF2017Spathulata_BioOpen.git).

  • Supplementary information

    Supplementary information available online at http://bio.biologists.org/lookup/doi/10.1242/bio.047316.supplemental

  • Received August 22, 2019.
  • Accepted December 10, 2019.
  • © 2020. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.

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Keywords

  • Coral
  • Bleaching
  • Heat tolerance
  • Symbiodiniaceae
  • Selective breeding

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Research Article
Assessing the role of historical temperature regime and algal symbionts on the heat tolerance of coral juveniles
K. M. Quigley, C. J. Randall, M. J. H. van Oppen, L. K. Bay
Biology Open 2020 9: bio047316 doi: 10.1242/bio.047316 Published 23 January 2020
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Research Article
Assessing the role of historical temperature regime and algal symbionts on the heat tolerance of coral juveniles
K. M. Quigley, C. J. Randall, M. J. H. van Oppen, L. K. Bay
Biology Open 2020 9: bio047316 doi: 10.1242/bio.047316 Published 23 January 2020

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